为什么要学习词根词缀？

辨别两个形近的词汇  通常有两种方法   1）用英文的释义     2）用词根

两个单词的共同词根，“mit＝send发射

transmit 的前缀是trans＝across跨越，transmit 表示跨越式的发射

港口是port，transport运输

emit，前缀 e＝out ，发射性的发射

 disturb，perturb

一个是“打扰”，一个是“烦忧”，有什么区别？

词根 turb=stir 搅动   如 stir an egg

turbine“涡轮机”

dis=away 离开

distant=dis+ sta（站立）+ant分开站立→遥远的
distance 距离，tance，典型的名词后缀

所以disturb表示“通过搅动让一种东西离开”。怎么解释呢？比如一天我在学习，一突然来了一个个好朋友让我去玩，我不同意，他就在旁边上窜下跳，立刻我的精力就被turb了，于是我就随着他away了。

per=through 从头到尾

perfect=per+fect(do)，从头到尾做的很好，“完美的”

什么叫perturb呢？“从头到尾的打扰”。

统一单词的很多含义

①compose

com=together一起
例如compress一大堆东西一起来压，表示v“压缩”

pose=put摆放
把乐谱，休止符放在一起那表示“作曲”。作曲家就是composer
把图标、表格放在一起，那表示“作图”。
把写作素材放在一起就是“写作”。
把化学元素放在一起就是“合成”。
名词形式，composition 作文，合成物 ition,典型的名词后缀。

再举个例子：
expose

ex＝out向外，pose＝put

如Our skin is exposed to the sunshine.
He exposed their plot.
The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve.

depose“罢免”
pose＝put，de＝down

② confess

词根fess=speak
前缀con=fully

例如professor=pro（forward）+fess（speak）+or （人）
progress=pro（forward）+gress（go）

confession（卢梭）

The suspect confessed to the crime.
When the police questioned the man, he confessed.
She confessed stealing the money./She confessed to stealing the money.
 

了解词源

①      log

②      calcium
        →calculate（计算），calculator，calculus

钙calcium。人们用石头写写划划，于是就演化出“计算”的基本词根“calc”。

③      car
        →carpenter，carrier，cargo，career

④      bar
        →rolling bar，barrel（bucket，drum），barrier，
        stay behind bars=stay in prison。

⑤ derive
   词根rive=river

Many English words derived from（derived from） Latin.

扩充词汇

词根gress＝go

regress=re（back）+gress（go）
progress

congress=con（together）+gress（go）
Congress has approved the new publication laws.

aggressive=ag（to）+gress（go）+ive 
an aggressive young executive.

egress=e（out）+gress（go）

reputation  put＝think
a man of good reputation

computer=com（together）+put（think）+er

dispute=dis（away）+put（think）+e“v. n。
They disputed how to bring into full play the potential of the staff.
The lawyer disputed the truth of the witness's statement.
n.
We had a dispute about how much money he owes me.

词根词缀与形象化相结合
1、duce=lead
produce=pro（forward）+duce（lead）
reduce=re（back）+duce（lead）
introduce=intro（inter）+duce（lead）

例句：He introduced his friend to me.
Let me introduce myself; my name is Simpson.

seduce=se+ duce（lead）se拼音“色”色情引诱，即“勾引”

2、cide=cut
decide其中de表强调，都停下来，做一个“决定”
例句：A few votes decided the election.

pesticide=pest（害虫）+I+cide（cut）

suicide=sui（拼音衰）+ cide（cut）  搭配commit a suicide

3、lect=speak
Lecture
例句：The students have lectures every day.

dialect=dia（拼音嗲）+lect说话嗲声嗲气，“方言”
例句：Cockney is a dialect of English

4、di=away
divorce=di（away）+vorce

nov=new
lenovo→nov=new→
novel小说（新颖的）
in.no.vation=in（引入）+nov + ation
例句：The innovation of air travel during this century has made the world seem smaller.

（v.innovate革新，innovative创新的）

reno.vate=re（again反复）+ nov + ate

④auto-reverse
“auto”自动
auto'matic自动化的，
auto'mation自动化，
'automobile汽车

verse=旋转
universe
uni=唯一的
（uniform 制服，
form     reform
例reform the government.

unite   u.s.a.
unique唯一的  例如unique God

reverse=re（against）+verse

⑤eject→ject（jet）
projector=pro（向前）+ jector“投影议”
inject=in + ject，“注射”
object=ob（=against，如obstruct） + ject

subject   sub＝down＋+ ject（jet）

sub＝向下，如submarine海洋下面行驶的舰船，潜艇；subway道路以下，地铁

例句：The parents are unwilling to subject their children to the unhappiness of divorce.
其中subject…to…是使某人遭受某事的意思

三个表示“回绝，拒绝”意思的单词是
decline=de+ cline（lean缓坡）
I declined their offer of help.

refuse=re（back）+ fus（pour流淌）+e

例句：She refused to help me.

Joan's mother refused to consent to let her go abroad.

confuse=con（together）+ fus（pour）+e
transfuse=trans（across）+ fus（pour）+e
reject
a reject from the varsity team;
“decline”。

Genesis

Gen 1:1  In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.

Gen 1:2  The earth was formless and empty,and darkness covered the deep waters.And the Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters.

Gen 1:3  Then God said, Let there be light: and there was light.

Gen 1:4  God saw that the light was good: and He separated the light from the darkness.

Gen 1:5  God called the light Day, and the darkness Night. And the evening passed and the morning came,marking the first day.

Gen 1:6  Then God said, Let there be a space between the waters to separated the waters from the heavens from the waters of the earth,and that's what the happend.

Gen 1:7  And God made this space to separated the waters of the earth from the waters of the heavens.

Gen 1:8  God called this space sky. And the evening passed and the morning came,marking the second day.

Gen 1:9  Then God said, Let the waters be infra the sky flow together, so the dry ground may appear: and that's what the happend.

Gen 1:10  God called the dry ground land; and the waters Seas: and God saw that it was good.

Gen 1:11  Then God said, Let the land spread with vegetation, every sorts of seed-bearing plant and trees that grow,seed-bearing fruit,those seeds then produce the kinds of plants and trees from which they came. and that's what the happend.

Gen 1:12  the land produced vegetation,all sorts of seed-bearing plants and trees,and seed bearing fruit.Their seeds produced the plants and seeds of the same kind. And God saw that it was good.
 
Gen 1:13  And the evening passed and the morning came, marking the third day.

注：这段经文非常简单，lola挑选的是最简单的翻译版本。没有几个生词，大家可以先猜测一下词义，实在不行再查字典。

希望大家至少记住几个不断重复出现的词根和词缀，这样下次上课的时候才不会感到迷惑。